Mysia, Pergamon | Cistophoric Tetradrachm (166–67 BC) – Ivy Wreath & Serpents
Origin:
•Region: Mysia
•City: Pergamon
•Date: Circa 166–67 BC
•Denomination: Silver Cistophorus (Tetradrachm)
•Weight: 12.86 g
•Condition: Very Fine
•Obverse: Cista mystica (sacred Dionysian basket) with serpent emerging, all within an ivy wreath
•Reverse: Bowcase between two coiled serpents; civic monogram to left, crested helmet to right
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Description
This impressive silver cistophorus was struck in the wealthy and influential city of Pergamon, located in the region of Mysia (modern-day western Turkey), around 166–67 BC. The obverse features a cista mystica—a sacred Dionysian ritual basket—from which a serpent emerges, enclosed by a beautifully rendered ivy wreath, symbol of the god Dionysus and his cult.
The reverse shows a bowcase (gorytos) between two coiled serpents, an image rich in Hellenistic symbolism, framed by a civic monogram to the left and a crested helmet to the right—marks of local identity and mint control.
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Historical Context
The cistophorus was introduced during the reign of Eumenes II of Pergamon (197–159 BC), originally intended to circulate in the Attalid kingdom and eventually across parts of Asia Minor under Roman influence. While valued at three drachmas, it was denominated independently and used in a closed currency system in the region.
Pergamon, at this time, was a flourishing Hellenistic kingdom and later a Roman ally. The city was known for its magnificent library, the sanctuary of Asclepius (the healing god), and as a prominent center of Dionysian mystery cults—reflected in the religious symbolism on this coin.
The serpent and cista mystica were common ritual elements in Dionysian initiation rites, while the ivy wreath visually reinforces the mystical and sacred nature of the imagery.
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Why This Coin Matters
•A prime example of religious iconography in civic coinage
•Direct link to the Dionysian cult and Hellenistic ritual symbolism
•Historically significant as part of the Attalid and early Roman Asia Minor monetary systems
•Excellent condition and weight for a non-pendant collectible coin
Whether you are a seasoned numismatist or a history enthusiast, this non-mounted, authentic ancient coin offers a tangible connection to the religious and political world of late Hellenistic Asia Minor.
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Includes:
✔️ Authentic cistophoric tetradrachm from Pergamon (circa 166–67 BC)
✔️ Certificate of authenticity & provenance